Cerebral Cortex and Phineas Gage

Cerebral Cortex and Phineas Gage Debbie Mintz PSY 360 July 25, 2011 Phineas Gage Paper Phineas Gage was a man who was a pioneer at his particular employment and was an entirely affable individual. His loved ones concur that he would supportive to anybody, he was cheerful, and agreeable individual. At that point he got cerebrum harm to his cerebral cortex, which is one’s subjective capacities are inside their flaps situated in the mind. People have four sorts of flaps situated inside the cerebral cortex that do various capacities. Human Brain The human mind is secured with tissue known as the cerebral cortex, which enormous wrinkles (crevices) and little wrinkles (sulci), and there are edges between the gaps and sulci known as gyri. Under the cerebral cortex tissue are four projections, every flap has a job in a people subjective capacities. Phineas Gage was a man who got mind harm, and one will have the option to perceive how it influenced his intellectual capacities. Four Lobes for Cognitive Functions Essentially the cerebral cortex is partitioned into four projections; in light of the fact that during improvement of our cerebrum the weight isolates the territory into four zones and the advancement of these flaps do various capacities inside our mind. The four projections are known as frontal flap, worldly flap, parietal flap and the occipital flap (Pinel, 2009). One’s occipital flap is the thing that gives the person in question visual information and helps control their conduct, the occipital cortex with â€Å"large regions of a contiguous cortex play out this psychological function† (Pinel, 2009, p. 69). In, the parietal projection it has two enormous practical territories, the post focal gyrus work, which it dissects sensations one can feel from their body, for example, contact. In the back area of the parietal flaps has the job of â€Å"perceiving the area of the two items and our own bodies and in coordinating our attention† (Pinel, 2009, p. 69). The cortex of one’s transient projections, which has three useful territories. For one’s language and hearing there is the unrivaled fleeting gyrus, the mediocre transient cortex recognizes ones complex visual examples, next is the average ortian of the worldly cortex its intellectual capacity is for memory. The remainder of the four flaps is the frontal projection, and it has two unmistakable working zones. The main region is the pre-focal gyrus alongside the contiguous frontal cortex have an engine work, and the â€Å"frontal cortex foremost to engine cortex performs complex psychological functions† (Pinel, 2 009, p. 69, for example, surveying the results of potential examples of conduct, arrangement to answer with groupings, and evaluating the signifince of the conduct of others (Pinel, 2009). Synopsis of what every flap does †¢Occipital projection for vision preparing †¢Parietal projection for development, observation to upgrades, acknowledgment, direction. †¢Temporal projection for discernment and acknowledgment of sound-related boosts, discourse, and memory. †¢Frontal is for thinking, grammatical features, development, arranging, critical thinking, and feelings (Brain Structures and their Functions, 2005) Phineas Gage (1823-1860) Phineas Gage is a genuine guide to utilize while disclosing what befalls an individual who gets mind harm and how the harm can influence ones subjective capacities. At the age of 25 a youthful man’s life changed totally, Phineas Gage was a diligent employee just as the a boss for the team he worked with, their activity was to shoot immense rocks to prepare the land for the railroad track in 1848. His activity comprise of utilizing an altering iron on the rocks that had firearm force or explosive in them to detonate, mishaps do occur, and Phineas Gage got an altering iron detonated into his face. It was astounding that he was alive just as having the option to walk three miles to discover clinical assistance. The specialist tidied him up with shock that he survived this harm to his mind. From the specialists report the altering iron made section in the head and went through the foremost left projection, and made its exit in the average line, along his sinus cracking his frontal and parietal bones broadly, generous pieces of the mind separated and his left eye globe was jutting out the attachment, inside a portion of a distance across (Mo, 2006). After this horrible mishap as indicated by (Mo, 2006), Phineas Gage held full ownership of his explanation, yet Gages spouse, family, and companions started to see emotional changes happening to him and his character. Indeed, even the organization he worked for attempted to rehire him, yet they couldn't on the grounds that his conduct transformed, he was loud, eccentric, impolite, and grossest obscenities. These was not Phineas Gage’s conduct before the altering iron experienced his mind and rework his psychological capacity from his foremost left projection (Mo, 2006). Which is situated in the frontal flap, and it is for thinking, grammatical features, development, arranging, critical thinking, and feelings (Brain Structures and their Functions, 2005). This was not the Phenias Gage they knew; in certainty anybody that knew Gage before states there is an intense alter to his perspective. Because of Phineas harm from his frontal cortex there was a finished loss of social hindrances, and unseemly conduct (Mo, 2006). Right up 'til the present time â€Å"the job of the frontal cortex is associated with character changes and social cognition† (Mo, 2006, p. ) Phenias Gage carried on with an alternate life as a steady individual, at a spot where he was not known, apparently some place in Chile and live 13 additional years. This shows when one’s cerebrum has harm that they can live through it, however as an alternate individual. Ones intellectual capacities can get modified by mind harm inside their projections in their cerebrum. Phineas Gage he appeared to abandon an amiable individual to a terrible natured individual, does that mean an awful natured individual can get modified to an amiable individual?

Brian Clark uses a number of techniques to dramatise the Euthanasia Ess

Brian Clark utilizes various strategies to perform the Euthanasia Discussion in his play, Who's Life is it Anyway Brian Clark utilizes various strategies to perform the Euthanasia Discussion in his play, Who's Life is it Anyway. Willful extermination is the methods by which an individual has the opportunity of decision about whether they live or kick the bucket. In the play there are two principle contentions concerning this issue. One contention saying that a patient has the option to settle on this choice of life and passing and on which differs and says the patient ought to not have this decision. Two characters in the play speak to the two focal contentions. First of all there is Ken, Ken accepts that he ought to reserve the option to decide to kick the bucket, it is his life, he says that his entire life before his mishap was figure, and since he can't shape since he is deadened beneath his neck, he will always be unable to shape once more: 'I'm completely deadened and consistently will be. I will never be released by the emergency clinic.' According to Ken his life is now over: 'obviously I need to live however undoubtedly, I'm dead already†¦I can't acknowledge this condition establishes life in any genuine sense by any stretch of the imagination.' 'Any sensible meaning of life must incorporate the thought of it acting naturally supporting.' Ken just needs the nobility in demise: 'each man must settle on his own choice. Furthermore, mine is to kick the bucket unobtrusively with as much pride as possible summon'. Ken additionally contends that he isn't requesting that his legal advisor settle on a decision over his critical, just to speak to his perspectives to the clinic: 'I'm not requesting that you make any choice about my life and demise, just that you speak to me and my perspectives to the medical clinic.' Ken contends that the genuine issue to be talked about is the ind... ...ise the full effect of what he has been battling for. He will never again be there once he has won his case. Ken will stop to exist. This encourages us to comprehend why a few people are hostile to willful extermination, and what grave outcomes it has and why killing is an outrageous answer for take. The venue offers numerous prospects of imagining and sensationalizing this discussion, the clinical and legitimate language utilized in the two demonstrations of the play, the physical space of the stage and the lighting in blend, the dark satire of Ken, the ways out and doorways of various characters that are utilized as mouthpieces of various perspectives on the banter. Issues are brought up in the play as they couldn't be in exposition. There is an acceptance of difficult ideas incredulity, an agreement between the writer furthermore, the crowd ensures that the issues are very much investigated and keep on being in a multi year-old discussion.

Research Paper on Classic English Literature

Research Paper on Classic English Literature Research Paper on Classic English Literature Test Research Paper on The Great Gatsby: Presentation The story starts with Nick Carraway getting a house in Long island in a spot called West egg. He was a researcher and had been taught at the Yale University. During the First World War, Nick found a new line of work in France and, this is the point at which he ventured to the far corners of the planet. Scratch was not happy with the existence that he lived. In this way, he chose to move to the modest community and start once more. During a visit to her cousin Daisy, Nick finds out about the name of his neighbor, notable for tossing parties constantly. The neighbor, Jay Gatsby is a rich man who lives in a major chateau. Scratch discovers that Jay was a bygone era love of her cousin Daisy. The two met five years prior and turned out to be incredibly private companions. At the point when Jay proposed to Daisy, she would not wed him since he was not rich and, he needed to proceed to work far away for a significant stretch (Bloom, 72). Daisy rather wedded a youngster from an advanced family who had such a lot of cash. Jay was harmed by daisy since she would not wed him since he was poor. He worked enthusiastically and inevitably turned into a rich man. He at that point purchased a house close to the conjugal home of Daisy in an offer to revive the adoration they once had. Scratch unites the two when he welcomes them two to his home. Daisy loves the new Jay and the affection they once shared returns to life. Daisy doesn't feel remorseful that she is has extra conjugal issues. This is on the grounds that she knew the extra conjugal undertaking that her significant other had with the spouse of a gas station proprietor. Daisy and Jay get to know each other and this raises the doubt of her better half. Jay didn't appear to mind whether she was hitched. To him, Daisy as his significant other and all the years that he was away, Daisy took part in an extramarital entanglements with Tom. He accepts that she is his significant other so much that he revealed to her he had pardoned her for engaging in extramarital relations. Tom storms into a room in New York where Daisy and Jay were. In the extraordinary contention, he uncovered the illicit dealings that Jay has that made him rich. Daisy and Jay drive away from Tom and on their approach to Long Island they hit t he admirer of Tom (Luthbury, 140). She was fleeing from her better half who had secured her. Reality with regards to Jay injured the relationship they had with daisy. In any case, he despite everything accepted that he could win her back. The spouse of the courtesan of Tom shot and murdered Jay expecting that he was the person who slaughtered her. During his internment service, Nick is irritated on the grounds that not all the individuals who called themselves companions of Jay and even celebrated with him showed up for his entombment. The play can be in three sections. The initial segment is when Daisy and Jay meet. The two become close and begin to look all starry eyed at after some time (Bloom, Pp. 67). At the point when Jay poses the inquiry that he clearly knows would be addressed decidedly, he gets a huge stun. Daisy will not wed him since he is a poor man. Another explanation that Daisy gave Jay for rejecting his proposition is that he is in the military. In this manner, he would be sent far away, and she was unable to see him for a horrendous long time. Daisy at that point weds a rich man who is from a complex family. Despite the fact that he was bad to her and treated her gravely. This indicated how Daisy was ravenous for cash. She was so quick to leave a man that she had come to know since he was not rich. He was unable to give her all the things that cash could purchase. She rather tossed herself to a rich man for his cash. His character and character didn't make a difference a ton to daisy. The second piece of the play is during the period which Jay and Daisy revive their adoration. Jay went to limits to attempt to satisfy Daisy. This is on the grounds that he began unlawful dealings with the goal that he might get rich and purchase a house close to the conjugal home of Daisy. He is frantic to such an extent that he calls for parties from time to time to get the consideration of his lost love. At the point when they meet in the place of Nick, Daisy is intrigued due to the cash Jay has. She at that point begins an extramarital undertaking with Jay (Fitzgerald, 200). She supports herself that even her significant other is has a relationship with another lady. Jay even quits calling individuals to party at his home when he at long last discovers that Daisy despises separating. The affection between the two finishes when Tom gets them in a room and uncovered the filthy dealings of Jay. There is an extraordinary contention and numerous individuals who were their companions o bserver the encounter. Daisy doesn't need anything to do with Jay. After all the endeavors that Jay had put to satisfy her, she dismissed him so quick. He had even imperiled his life through the illicit dealings, however Daisy didn't think about that. The third piece of the novel is when things deteriorate to most exceedingly awful in view of the issue of Jay and Daisy. At the point when they leave the inn, Daisy who is driving the vehicle of Jay unintentionally hits the fancy woman of her significant other. The spouse of the special lady, Wilson, had scholarly of her illicit relationship with Tom and bolted his better half inside. Daisy doesn't stop when she hits the fancy woman yet keeps on driving. Wilson, who is the proprietor of a gas station is exceptionally harmed and tries to execute Jay. He had accepted that he was the person who executed his significant other. Tom looking for retribution had affirmed that without a doubt Jay had slaughtered her. He at long last executes Jay when he discovers him in his pool. He shoots him in the head and ends it all. The quantity of individuals at the memorial service of Jay is exceptionally little. This is against the quantity of individuals that went to his gatherings and professed to be his old buddies. His folks headed out significant distances to come and cover their child. It could have been exceptional in the event that he had given more consideration to his family than attempting to charm a lost love. Scratch is the individual who saw the unfurling of the occasions. He is the person who caused the two get to together, and it is from that point that they reunite and start an issue. Scratch who is the cousin of Daisy considers this to be inconvenience and quits being dear companions with the two individuals. He realized that lone terrible things would originate from having the illicit relationship. In this manner, he turns out to be close with Jordan Baker who knew Daisy for an exceptionally significant time-frame. At the point when Daisy executed the spouse of Wilson, her better half accepted that it was Jay. He even affirmed to Wilson that in fact Jay had executed his better half. Tom had likewise uncovered the illicit dealings of Jay to Daisy. He guaranteed that he had demolished Jay. Scratch was disturbed when he learned of this. He was not satisfied that this wreckage had happened on the grounds that Jay needed her cousin back. Scratch changed totally after the burial service of Jay. He saw that not all the companions of Jay were there (Maurer, 45). The individuals who went to his memorial service were relatively few. This was diverse to the quantity of individuals who went to the gatherings that Jay had and claimed to be his companions. Scratch understood that all the endeavors that Jay put to dazzle Daisy were an exercise in futility. The life of Jay finished so quick since he was fixated on his past darling. He let Daisy drag him to his demise. Scratch changed his character totally and even quit being companions with Jordan. Later on, he returns back home. He is the character who united Jay and Daisy by welcoming the two into his home. This shows he bolstered the connection among Jay and Daisy. Simultaneously, he isn't content with the result of the occasions and wouldn't like to be engaged with their outrages (Fitzgerald, Pp 120). At long last, he removes all channels with them and gets back. Unfaithfulness is a routine thing in the novel. This is on the grounds that there is more than one mate undermining their accomplice in the story. Wilson was undermining his significant other. The spouse of Wilson was additionally undermining her better half with Tom (Bloom, Pp. 67). Daisy was undermining her significant other with Jay. The creator may have utilized this subject to show the sexual autonomy that individuals had after the First World War. He attempts to show how individuals utilized the opportunity to manhandle relationships. Numerous individuals in America occupied with improper practices that were not worthy before the First World War. As they continued looking for another America they confused extramarital perversion with joy and joy. Through the narrative of Daisy, he shows how a few ladies could acknowledge to wed any man that had a great deal of cash and was from a decent foundation. The individuals who went to the gatherings that Jay additionally indicated maltr eatment of sexuality opportunity. This is on the grounds that the creator says that the individuals who went to the gathering left the gathering with an alternate individual from the one they were with when they came. In any case, the affection that Jay attempted to revive with Daisy can't be seen as mishandling sexual autonomy. This is on the grounds that Jay accepted that he had recently hitched her and that she had been sitting tight for him this years. The marriage that Daisy has with Tom didn't exist in the realm of Jay. He accepted that Daisy was going behind his back with Tom and Jay pardoned her for that. The production of the novel affected numerous individuals in light of the fact that separated from discussing the sentimental story of the adoration that Jay had for Daisy, the creator has a fundamental message. The creator discussed the various issues that individuals were looking at that point. He depicts the spoiled ethics that individuals had in the mid twentieth century (Bloom, 45). He depicts this by discussing eagerness and the wild journey of fixations. The creator shows how individuals misjudged the American Dream by pursuing common wealth and joy as opposed to searching for the great beliefs of the American dream. After the First World War, individuals saw life as progressively troublesome, and everybody was battling to get rich. The testimonial development prompted more wrongdoing and unlawful organizations in the United States. The creator delineates these difficult occasions and changes in his characters. Meyer who managed illicit organizations represents the time after the testimonial development when unlawful organizations developed (Fitzgerald, Pp 94). The battles to fit in the new America are delineated by the tales of Jay and Nick. They

College Essay Idea

College Essay Idea July 11, 2012 Dont write about your grandmother in your college essay. She wouldnt want you to either as she would want you to get in (photo credit: Catherine Scott). A number of students have the college essay idea of writing about loved ones who have died. Maybe theyre writing about a grandmother, grandfather, great aunt, or dog. Maybe they view their college essay as an opportunity to pay tribute to their grandmother for the many lessons she taught the college applicant throughout his or her life. And its a very sweet gesture. The applicants grandmother would likely be very happy with this essay. But, as harsh as this may be, that doesnt mean its a good idea to pay tribute to your grandmother in your college essay. Do you realize how many tributes to grandmothers college admissions counselors read each admissions cycle? Way too many! Its very nice that a student wants to write nice things about his or her grandmother and share the wisdom that she gave them, but the college essay is neither the time nor the place for this. We imagine your grandmother at the end of the day would want you to gain admission to a highly selective college of your dreams. Writing about her isnt the best way to do that. And whys that? In addition to the plethora of other grandmother essays, this kind of essay often sheds little light on the actual applicant. Your grandmother is not applying for admission to this highly selective college you are. They want to know about you. They want to get to know you and what youre all about. They want to get inside your head to understand how you think, what you like, what you dont like, and what makes you the person you are. Sorry, grandmathis is an opportunity for a college applicant to make a statement that doesnt come around again. So take advantage of it and dont write about your grandmother. Check out this post on College Essay Pointers.

Miscellaneous Uses of the Spanish Conditional Tense

As a general rule, as explained in our introduction to the Spanish conditional tense, the English would is the equivalent of the Spanish conditional. But there are exceptions. The major ones are listed below: Examples of when the conditional tense isnt translated as would To express speculation about the past: Just as the future tense can be used to express speculation about the present, the conditional can be used to express speculation or probability about the past. A variety of translations can be used, depending on the context. Despuà ©s de trabajar, tendrà ­an hambre. After working, they probably were hungry. Another possible translation is After working, they must have been hungry. (A would translation is also possible: After working, they would have been hungry.)  ¿Dà ³nde estuvo Jorge? Estarà ­a en casa. Where was George? He must have been at home. Another possible translation is Where was George? I wonder if he was at home. (A would translation is also possible: He would have been at home.) Where the conditional poder is translated as could: This is a variation on the would rule, for poder, which when conjugated can mean can, can also be translated as to be able. When could means the same as would be able, the conditional is usually used. Si tuviera dinero, podrà ­a ir al cine. If I had money, I could go to the movies. (This is a use of the conditional based on a condition. It also could be translated as If I had the money, I would be able to go to the movies.) Podrà ­an salir maà ±ana. They could leave tomorrow. (Here the condition is unstated. The sentence also could be translated as They would be able to leave tomorrow.)  ¿Podrà ­a tener un là ¡piz? Could I have a pencil? (Or, would I be able to have a pencil?) Examples of when would isnt translated as the Spanish conditional When it refers to a past repeated action: In such cases, the imperfect is usually used. This use of would in English is usually understood as used to or as the past tense. Whats different in this instance from cases where would is in the conditional tense is that the activity isnt hypothetical. Cuando era nià ±o, à ­bamos al cine. When I was a boy, we would go to the movies. (This is the same as saying we used to go to the movies or we went to the movies. Going to the movies isnt a hypothetical action.) Mi hijo jugaba con cuidado. My son would play carefully. (This is the same as saying, My son used to play carefully.)

Community Corrections Programs Should Be Maintained Under...

Although during the recent years theories and laws continue to evolve, there is one aspect that remains the same: children, juvenile, and adult non-violent offenders are given the opportunity to partially or completely bypass certain sanctions of their punishment. As there is an increase in prison overcrowdings, there is also an increase in expenses for the taxpayers of the community, causing great concern. If inmate population is to be maintained under control, the continuous use of community corrections programs is inevitable. Overall, research demonstrates that the percentage of the prison population frequently diminishes with the use of community corrections programs. Supervision of these programs is, therefore, offered at a significantly lower cost than incarceration as it oversees â€Å"offenders outside of jail or prison† (Community Corrections, 2014). While statistics vary, it is estimated that approximately two-thirds of the people who could be incarcerated for a crime or offense, are actually given a positive alternative option. Typically, the people who are given the opportunity to partially or completely bypass incarceration are non-violent offenders who in the long run will be better off when assigned to a community corrections program (Alarid, Cromwell, Del Carmen, 2008). This does not mean that every person will be deterred from committing future crimes, it just implies that the majority of those involved in a community corrections program will have betterShow MoreRelatedUnited States Parole Program Compared To Australia And1546 Words   |  7 Pages United States Parole Program Compared to Australia and Canada Angela K. Varner University of Cincinnati School of Criminal Justice Seminar in Community Corrections April 19, 2017 â€Æ' Abstract Each country across the globe has its unique ways to deal with criminals. 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Royal Shakespeare theatre Essay Example For Students

Royal Shakespeare theatre Essay On the 22nd of May, I went with the school to the Royal Shakespeare theatre, in Stratford upon Avon; to see the Matinee performance of Williams Shakespeares Taming of the Shrew.  The play contained a cast of seven main characters. There was a father in the play called Baptista who had two daughters which were called Katherine and Bianca. Bianca was a very beautiful young lady who was sweet and fare but some times could be a bit childish and immature. Katherine or Kate on the other hand was a wild and fearsome woman who tried everything in her power to make her angel sisters life a misery. There were many men who wished to marry Bianca such as Hortensio and Gremio. A man who also loved and wished to cart Bianca was Lucentio who disguised himself as a school teacher just to get close to her. The general plot of the play was that Baptista would not let his youngest daughter Bianca marry anyone before there was a husband for his eldest daughter Kate. Hortensio meet his friend Petruchio in the street and sneakily talked him into marrying Kate so that Bianca could meet him, and he could try to make her fall in love with him and marry him. Petruchio who finds out how wealthy Kate was accepted the offer and married her for her money, but fell in love with her and tamed her. The play took place on an open stage, with a large cyclorama screen that was placed at the back which was lit to give the effects of water, clouds and rain clouds. There were no curtains, and there was a small amount of floor space between the stage and the raised auditorium. Instead of the orchestra playing at the front it was raised stage right to the level of the boxes.  There were many different size doors some were raised higher than others but were manly placed centre stage and up stage it was sort of a Rostrum but with doors. I think this was not only done to show the different rooms or to give the impression of peoples homes but maybe to also give the effect of different levels. The doors stayed on the stage for most of the play. There was a ladder which took the actors on to railings which made a sort of raised platform this was used to enter and exit to a wing upstairs like when Kate was in Petruchios house for the first time and they climbed the ladder and used the platform as a sort of upstairs where the bedroom was supposed to be. This was raised for most of the performance and only lowered when the scene was in Petruchios house.  Another way the actors entered and exited the stage was by a stage rake that was up stage centre and turned into the left wing nearly everyone used it and it was the main exit from the stage. There was also a Trap door that was used during the play I think only once by one of Petruchios servants when he was coming in to sort out the house for the arrival of Petruchio and his new wife. There were only a few scene changes throughout the play but most of the time to change the scene the stage was just strikd. The biggest scene change was when the scene changed from the street to petruchioss house were the railings and the flying scenery of inside a house was lowered and all the doors on the floor were taken off in a blackout. The other main scene change was during the interval when the scene changed to a park; the cyclorama changed from reflected water to a summer day and a swing was lowered to centre stage. .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d , .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d .postImageUrl , .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d , .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d:hover , .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d:visited , .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d:active { border:0!important; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d:active , .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9a18e7b0e2a9df4233f92473f3f9583d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How does Shakespeare make this passage from Act 3 Scene 1 dramatic and powerful for the audience EssaySound was also used to display the emotions in each scene. The type of sound was mainly special effects for things like thunder and birds tweeting in the park scene.  The orchestra also contributed to the sound before and during the play, it was nothing too evident, which didnt really give much of an impact which is a good thing.  During the play the stage was lit using foot lights and floodlights, which made it quite bright. The only times when the scene was not light was either when the effect of night was wanted or in Petrushios when him and Kate arrived for the fir st time to do this all that was done was that the lights were dimmed lights where dim. Maybe this was because the director wanted to show the difference between the light house that Kate had grown up in and the dark house she was now forced to live in. There was a few times in which light effects were used, for example when there was three blackouts one after the other to show the hours gone past when Petruchio said that he controlled the time. The best use of light effects was the storm outside Petruchios house, which was very effective, and also an amazing contrast compared to the scene with Bianca in the park, which had a completely different mood that was well conveyed by the lighting used in both scenes. The play wouldnt have been as good if only the house lights were used.

Megadeth †“United Abominations” free essay sample

In light of the recent release of â€Å"Death Magnetic,† the highly anticipated album by Metallica, I looked back to their overlooked shadow, Megadeth. Megadeth has always been at odds and shortchanged for almost 20 years. â€Å"United Abominations,† Megadeth’s eleventh studio album, was released in 2007, and has been a success. Yet, I feel some people are put off by it. â€Å"United Abominations† attacks many of the cruel but ongoing issues of today. Topics of war, poverty, and corruption, brought together around the guitar-focused sound, makes this album a â€Å"whole† experience. Glen Drover, a new lead guitarist, was brought in to help with the production of the album. He works very well with Dave Mustaine, frontman and rhythm guitarist, who has gone through many lead guitarists. They have stayed true to their original thrash metal sound of the ’80s, which is not often seen today. The riffs are top-notch, and the solos and leads are screaming; a delight for any metal head. We will write a custom essay sample on Megadeth – â€Å"United Abominations† or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The two guitars are voiced well through the lyrics, each with their own attitude and separate meaning. Dave Mustaine’s voice has matured with time, becoming deeper, and he isn’t using his signature snarl very much, which was in many of their early music. This album takes an especially hard tone with war, especially the Iraq War and its distasteful consequences. Yet, not all is somber in this album, there are some great ballads and metal songs here. If you’re not a fan of metal music, you should check it out and perhaps even surprise yourself. If you are a fan of metal music, this is a definite buy.

The History of Public Relations

The History of Public Relations The history of public relations dates back to the revolutionary war in the history of the United States. This was a component of great significance to the development of public relations. Another great input to the development of public relations came from the Creel Committee that was in place during the First World War.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The History of Public Relations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Edward L. Barneys who was a committee member and was later considered by many as the father of public relations. He was part of an intensive verbal and written communications in an effort to gain support for the war. This was rather unusual as information was first time used as weapon of war (Litwin, 2000, 2). There have been a number of personalities who have contributed to the development of public relations. These persons include Ivy Lee who has also been referred by many as the father of publ ic relations. He is known for promoting the slogan ‘’ The public must be informed always’’. Edward Barney was the first to teach a public relations course at the NYU in 1923. Doris Fleisch, the wife of Edward Barney, made great contributions to the industry by encouraging the entry of women into the industry (Letwin, 2000, 2). Public relations can be defined as a function of management that helps to establish and maintain mutual lines of communication between an organisation and the public (Watson, 2002, 2). It involves the cultivating of favourable relations for corporate and its products and public perception. Public relations as an industry is a very complex one involving aspects of detailed research, publicity exercises, aspects of strategic management, development fundraising, management of emerging issues, member or employee relations, organisation of special events and the participation of the public ( Seitel, 2011, 20). An organisation in todayâ₠¬â„¢s business world cannot operate in a vacuum. Maintaining a favourable relationship with the communities in which the organisation works in is crucial. A company that engages in public relations has a lot to gain. For instance, it is a form of promotion that is held in high regard. A company that engages in public relations ensures that the targeted market gets adequate information than would be offered in any other form of promotion (Information centre, 2009, 2). Tobacco Companies Public Relations Tobacco companies in the United States seem to have engaged in a series of   corporate sponsorship and advertising initiatives. These are aimed direct at the sale of tobacco product. The intention of these drives was to cultivate a favourable image in the eyes of the public and especially to the consumers and to the society in general.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn Mo re Following the Master Settlement agreement of 1988 corporate public relations has become of an increasing importance to Tobacco companies not just in America but in the world over (cancer control center, 2010, 179). These companies are interested in influencing public perception to their advantage as well as encourage public interest in the companies’ operations. This helps to increase corporate brand visibility among the targeted consumers and to the market at large. Corporate social responsibility as a strategy by the tobacco companies involve a number of initiatives. These initiatives include involvement in activities where communities are set to benefit, donating to a worthy cause, as well as supporting causes for the minority. This in today’s world has been referred to as ‘’Corporate Social Conscience’’ (Litwin, 2000, 4). Websites of these tobacco companies intentionally seek to address a number of issues with regard to corpora te social responsibility. In the marketplace today, companies that intend to stay in business and make profits should realize that public relations is a necessity. Corporate advertising for the tobacco industry has been practiced for many years although in the recent past corporate image campaigns have been integrated more extensively (Watson, 2002, 3). In October of 1999, Philip Morris, a tobacco company in the United States of America, began its first campaign with the slogan ‘’Working to make a difference. The people of Philip Morris’’. This initiative portrayed the company as one that provides contributions for a big cause to community based organisations and also portrayed the image of a company that puts in an extra measure to stop the sale of cigarettes to the underage (Litwin, 2000, 4). In  2003 the company directed the public to its website on information about preventing smoking in minors, the effects of smoking and help for those who wanted to drop the habit  Corporate advertising has   been used increasingly   by  Philip Morris than another competitor, Marlboro. In the recent past, there has been a call for increased research with more insight with regard to the public image of tobacco companies. A  number of issues   have to be addressed that includes:Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The History of Public Relations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Improving of public perception of tobacco companies Effects o corporate social responsibility on the jury perceptions Effects on the sales of quitting tobacco products based on the public’s perception Public Perception of Tobacco Companies In the past, the public has had a negative attitude towards the tobacco industry, although after a close analysis the public opinion of individual Tobacco companies is not a uniform one with all the players in the industry. The four largest cig arette manufacturers in the United States include Philip Morris, R.J Reynolds, the Lonllard company and the famous Liggett Group. Very few Americans can directly link the companies to their products in the market. Litigation that is continually increasing in the last couple of years this coupled with the general negative attitude by the public towards the tobacco industry players. This is a challenge that the industry players have to deal with. A number of multibillion lawsuits have been filed against these companies that has led to a dent in the effort to change the public’s attitude towards the companies (cancer control center, 2010, 182). In general, the public tend to develop a negative attitude towards these companies and see the companies as providing the public with wrong information about their products.  This has been due to the lack of awareness by the public in general, about the tobacco industry players and linking one company to its products in the market (Canc er control centre, 2010, 183). Jurors have in the past slapped tobacco companies with damages awards that has affected the performance of the companies and also damaged its reputation. With this background of this, unfavorable aspects of the industry corporate have sought to build a corporate brand image. This is an effort to strengthen as well as to influence the corporate image through the eyes of the public. In order to achieve   this a number of tools that have to be used, which includes press releases, events sponsorship, lobbying, public interest activities and media, releases. Using market media to not only promote positive image of the product but to also enhance and seek to improve the corporate image. Corporate Sponsorship Sponsoring social causes such as sports events, arts exhibitions and galleries, entertainment events and so on is a communication tool often used by corporate   world over. This is often referred to as event marketing used by corporate to build brand equity. Companies invest in this initiatives to increase brand equity. Sponsorship as a tool for communication is generally perceived by the public favourably especially in relation to the product. In the last couple of years, tobacco companies have spent millions of dollars to sponsor social causes in an effort to build brand equity. Corporate  sponsorship is encouraged as companies believe that:Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The public is encouraged to show interest in the company as well as the company’s products Promote  beneficial associations with other companies as well The public can identify a company and the company’s products in the market, for a tobacco company, the company’s name is popularized amongst among those in attendance Strengthen the corporate entity as being identified with a particular market The public perceives the company as being aware of social issues affecting communities Companies have a forum to provide support for community development. Corporate sponsorship increase opportunities to promote the companies products Generate exposure by the events being covered by the media, which indeed leads to an even larger audience beyond only those who attended the sponsored event (Cancer control centre, 2010, 185). Corporate brand image association are strengthened when corporate openly engage the public by sponsoring social events. In the past decade, tobacco company sponsorship has been in the interest of educational youth programs and community events. Tobacco Companies Sponsorship and Consumers Attitudes Corporate sponsorship especially tobacco companies, has been an interest of many researchers. It has been discovered that sponsorship in other related industries has had the effect of creating a positive feedback in relation to consumer trends. Social responsibility gives a company a competitive edge because of its good reputation in the eyes of the public (cancer control centre, 2010, 187). This has been used in many markets to set companies apart. Once the public views the public as a pioneer and a trendsetter in its social responsibility policies and this is integrated in the company’s marketing strategy it works in the company’s favor. Just as corporate social responsibility is viewed as a positive thing for a company, the reverse has the opposite effect. Tobacco companies face the challenge that some organisations do not wish to be associated with them. Such organisations cite two reasons: one, the companies would not want to be associated with a tobacco company because it is perceived to undermine its objective to improve overall general health. Two, the organisations are concerned about their reputation if it is involved publicly with a tobacco company will damage the organisations reputation. Corporate Advertising In an effort to improve, the company’s image companies engage in corporate advertising. Unlike corporate sponsorship, corporate advertising aims to enhance the company’s reputation as a great law abiding citizen, influence public opinion of the organisation (Cancer control centre, 2010, 189). This takes the approach of a clear and well directed persuasive deal that intend to show that sponsorship is positively but it affect the public at large. Indirect advocacy employed in corporate advertising and seeks to characterize the organisation as one that is serving publi c interest and its activities are aimed at providing solutions. Various campaigns of tobacco companies such as youth smoking advertisement ( Cancer controls centre, 2010, 192). Conclusion Public relations as a function of management is an important component of any company that seeks to stay in business in today’s market. Public relation as a discipline is continually evolving and shaping the face of corporate America. References Cancer Control Centre. (2010). Tobacco companies’ Public Relations Efforts:  Corporate Sponsorship and Advertising. P. 172_189. Information centre. (2009).  History of Public Relations. Web. Litwin, L. (2002).  The Practice of Public Relations. Web. Seitel, F. P. (2010).  The Practice of Public Relations: New Jersey. Prentice Hall-Pearson. Watson, T. (2002).  History of public Relations. Web.

Muslim Americans Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Muslim Americans - Research Paper Example Example: â€Å"Being Muslim in America† book contains a number of significant historic events about the Muslim Americans. Accordingly the first evidence of such Muslims visiting the United States of America dates back to the period of 1619 to 1800s (Curtis, 2009). Some other authors have recorded Muslim vendors voyaging to America even before 1500. History and development of the American Muslim Community It is believed that approximately 30percentage proportion of the total African individuals who were shipped to America as slaves during 1619 to 1800s period were Muslims. Some of these people joined the main stream economic activities of America after being released from the slavery. Example: in 1819 Yarrow (Mamout) Marmood was the property owner and bank investor in Georgetown (currently a part of Washington). And in 1907 the first Muslim organization in America was founded by the Tatar immigrants from Poland, Russia and Lithuania (pp 56). The first American Islamic associati on was founded in Michigan in 1919. Consequently many immigrants were employed in manufacturing plants. The first American Islamic religious building known as the Mother Mosque was built in 1934 in Iowa (pp 57). Gradual growth and expansion of Muslim America community is explicit in these records. Currently Muslims are believed to form a considerable proportion of the American society. According to the Pew Research Center statistics Muslim population in America amounted 2,595,000 in 2010. This figure attributed to approximately 0.8percentag proportion of the total population in the same year in America. According to the same source the Muslim population in the country will reach 4,150,000 while forming 1.2percentage proportion of the total population by the year 2020. However some sources states that there are above 7 million Muslim individuals living in America currently. American government does not record religious statistics in the population census. Thus a statistical jargon is created. According to the book â€Å"Being Muslim in America† vast majority of the Muslim individuals living in America are of South Asian i.e. Pakistani and Arabian origin respectively. Approximately 34percentage and 26percentage proportion of the total Muslim American population belongs to the above two categories respectively (pp 9). Impacts of expanding the Muslim American population The impact of Muslim community on American socio-economic sphere is drastically increasing despite the said theological or statistical jargons (ZAHEDI, 2011). The growing significance is evident in the contemporary races related socio-economic issues occurring in the country. Muslim culture, believes and even proliferation seems to have impacts on the large society (Bayoumi, 2011). According to book â€Å"Being Muslim in America† book 25 percentage proportion of the Muslim American population belongs to the indigenous American category. Thus it can be inferred that rate of converting to Muslim religion by the individuals who were born in non-Muslim families is high. This trend seems to have hurt some religions’ leaders and political activists. Hatred, despise and discrimination is rapidly growing in contemporary American society towards the Muslim America

U.S. Supreme Court decision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

U.S. Supreme Court decision - Essay Example In April, advocates for parental choice in education scored a major victory in the precedent-setting case before the United States Supreme Court, American Christian School Tuition Organization v. Winn. The court ruled by a narrow 5-4 margin that the Arizona program promoting school choice can continue − dismissing a lawsuit waged by the American Civil Liberties Union on behalf of taxpayers who disliked the program. The ruling favored arguments made by the Alliance Defense Fund, a conservative legal organization that defended ACSTO over the years. The concurring justices found that taxpayers have no standing to challenge the program because the contributions going toward tax credits are private funds − not government funds (Liptak, 2011). ACSTO, like many other programs in the U.S., gives state residents the ability to receive a tax credit for contributions to private organizations that provide private schools with scholarships. This ruling has wide-ranging effects across the governmental, political, and structural spheres of America.The ACSTO decision will greatly impact the way state governmental entities deal with programs similar to ACSTO across the country. Now that such programs will be recognized as legitimate, due to U.S. Supreme Court precedent, state institutions will no longer be able to easily keep state residents from freely donating their money to organizations that help parents send their children to the private schools of their choice. Also, elected, appointed, and/or career policymakers, such as the U.S. Supreme Court Justices who presided over this case ? as well as lawmakers, senators, governors and mayors ? will be making more and more decisions based on the precedent set in this case regarding the use of private funds donated to generate tax credits. Now, bureaucracies will not be allowed to strike down such contributions within the states that adopt the precedent set in Arizona. On the political level, the ACSTO decision has man y far-reaching ramifications. Political parties, interest groups, and unions that are generally opposed to religious organizations receiving funding in the form of tax credits generated from private contributions will have their hands tied when opposing such programs. Leftist social movements opposed to private schools will now have a more difficult time shutting down programs resembling ACSTO. Also, with the case’s national attention, 2012 presidential election campaigns and voters agreeing with the decision will more likely take a stance on the parental choice issue. With the extensive media coverage, public opinion was likely swayed in one way or the other. Many were likely swayed by the executive director of the special interest group Americans United for the Separation, Rev. Barry Lynn, who said that the court â€Å"has slammed the courthouse door in the face of Americans who don’t want their tax dollars to subsidize religion (Biskupic, 2011). On the other hand, those with conservative ideals were likely influenced by media statements made by Tim Keller, executive director of the Institute of Justice’s Arizona chapter, who saw the victory as rebuffing â€Å"efforts by school choice opponents to use the courts to halt programs that empower families to chose a private school education if that is where their child’s needs will be best served (Biskupic, 2011).† The political climate on education has undergone a shift since the decision. Furthermore, the structural forces that hold our nation together, such as the U.S. Constitution, state constitutions, state laws, our federalist system, and the economy, can all be affected in some way by the ACSTO ruling. To accommodate such program funding, federal and state constitutions can be amended, laws can be changed, and the economy can be reshaped, as tax credits up to $500 for donations to groups funding religious schools redistributes much money (Weiss, 2011). The decision could also spur a demographic shift, as families

Poter Five Forces Essay Example for Free

Poter Five Forces Essay The environment analysis of Coca-cola industry can be done as :Buyers There are many companies to buy the soft drink products. The companies that purchase cold drink includes Fast food franchises, food store, convenience stores and vendings. Generally, the individual buyers for small retails do not have pressure on coca-cola industry. But, the large retailers like: Wal-Mart have pressure or bargainin power on the coca cola because of it’s large order quantity. But again , the bargaining power of the buyers is lessened because of the loyalty of the end consumers towards coca-cola. Substitutes Generally, there are many substitues of coca-cola. It includes water, coffee, tea, fresh juices, etc. Coca-cola is able to counter it’s substitutes through brand equity, advertisment and easy availability. Coca-cola has been spending a huge budget on it’s advertisment with different concepts and it is also easily available in almost every corner of the world. They also began to produce these substitutes (eg:- pepsi) on their own to tap into that segment of the market. Barrier to entry The barrier to entry in the cold drink industry is fairly high. The franchising agreement with the existing bottling companies prohibit bottler’s from taking a new soft drink companies. Even though there is the entry of any new soft drink company in the market, it would not be of any threat for coca-cola company. Suppliers The main ingredents of soft drink are carbonate water, phodphoric acind , sweetner and caffeine. The suppliers of these ingredents are not concentrated or differentiated. Many suppliers can be available easily. If a new soft drink company enters the market, it would be very easy for a new soft drink company to find a supplier willing to sell these ingredents to them. Rivalry Talking about today’s context , the main competitor of coca-cola is pepsi. These both soft drink is able to survive in the market giving throat to throat competition to each other. Both have their own marketing concepts, advertisment concepts and stategies. The slogan of coca-coal is â€Å"Open Happiness† which generally focuses on togetherness and spreading happiness. Likewise, other soda brands that became famous was Dr. Pepper because of it’s unique flavour. Thus, in this way the environment analysis on coca-cola can be done through â€Å"Poter’s Five Forces Model†.

Comparison Of Animals In George Orwells Animal Farm :: essays research papers

The USA adaptation of the classic work Animal farm was entertaining and historically representative. The characters in the movie were all representing key elements in the Russian Revolution from start to end. The owner of the farm Mr. Jones is Czar Nicholas II who was the Czar of Russia before the revolution. Nicholas was a very poor leader, and was cruel to opponents much like Mr. Jones dealt with things. Old Major was representative of Karl Marx. Old Major taught the animals Animalism just as Marx taught communism. He meant to have the workers revolt because they do all the work and the rich keep the money, and both died before the revolution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The entire belief system of animalism was just like the communist system. All people were equal there were no owners and no rich and no poor either. All of the animals owned the farm just as all people owned the communist government and the government owned everything. Snowball was supposed to be Leon Trotsky both were young, smart and good speakers. Both Snowball and Trotsky followed the teachings of both Marx and Old Major. Snowball wanted to improve life on the farm just as Trotsky was trying to improve life in Russia. Trotsky was chased away by Lenin’s KGB or secret police just as snowball was chased away by Napoleon’s dogs. Napoleon himself was more Stalin than Lenin was however. Napoleon wasn’t a good speaker or clever like snowball just like Stalin wasn’t as educated as Trotsky or as good a public speaker. Napoleon was cruel, brutish, selfish, devious and corrupt. Napoleon didn’t follow Old Major’s original words just as Stalin didn’t follow Marx’s ideals. Napoleon’s ambition for power killed all of his opponents and Stalin also killed all of those whom opposed him. Napoleon used the dogs to control the animals and spied on the just as Stalin used the KGB about propaganda and to keep the people in line.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Squealer was supposed to be the propaganda department of the Russian government. Squealer convinced the animals to follow Napoleon and changed the commandments. Russia’s propaganda department rallied the people and changed the teaching’s of Marx to fit it’s own agenda. Boxer was representative of dedicated but tricked communist supporters. Boxer worked hard and believed in the animal farm just as dedicated Russians followed Stalin because he was communist. Boxer’s attitude was Napoleon was always right and that he must work harder, just as the dedicated communists stayed loyal after it was obvious that Stalin was a tyrant.

Rationale Scheme of Work Essay

The rationale for my scheme of work (see appendix 1) is to meet both the learners’ needs and the curriculum requirements. Edexcel is the awarding body who supply the syllabus which gives the framework for delivery and assessment of the subject matter. The Edexcel ITQ Level 2 Certificate curriculum requirements will be met by learners completing practical work-related tasks. They will learn by completing projects and assignments that are based on realistic workplace situations, activities and demands. The content and structure are the most obvious features of any Scheme of Work, since it is the whole syllabus of what is going to be delivered, how it is going to be delivered and when it will be delivered, therefore I have used a logical format according to Gray (2005) the teacher has the ultimate responsibility to organise & sequence the course as a whole, so that the direction is clear from lesson to lesson. According to Gray (2005) the Aims, Objectives and Methods are a fundamental part to the planning of lessons, however also stipulates that they are necessary for the construction of the Scheme of Work. It is important that my scheme of works conveys a balance of learning objectives, such as behavioural, cognitive, affective or personal growth. Another aspect that needs to be taken into account in designing a scheme of work is the structure. I will start off with easier topics and build up to more difficult ones and at the same time, show a relationship between the topics building in revision to aid the learning process, Bruner (1966) called this the spiral curriculum. Therefore I have organised my scheme of work in a spiral manner so that the learner continually builds upon what they have already learned. The subject for my observed session is â€Å"Presentation Software†, This unit is about the skills and knowledge required by an IT user to select and use a wide range of intermediate presentation software tools and techniques effectively to produce presentations which include a combination of media (e.g. images, animation and sound) for education, entertainment or information sharing) and are at times non-routine or unfamiliar. I will set out the Aims and Objectives of the session plan (see appendix 2) to meet the specific curriculum requirements of the Presentation module (see appendix 3). To meet the aims and needs of individual learners the session will allow learners’ use their skills for real purposes and achieve success as a result  of using their skills effectively. I will introduce the session by communicating the Aims and Objectives to learners both verbally and by showing them on a PowerPoint slide, I will Incorporate discussion strategies into this section as this can help learners enhance their speaking and listening skills. Reece & Walker (2006) suggests that the negotiating process should be modelled in five stages. The first is preparing for negotiation which is being aware of what the student needs to achieve, the second stage consist of the first session with the learner where a good rapport needs to be made with the learner. Then follows the contract part where actual SMART targets are agreed. These I will incorporate into the Aims and Objectives. The last two stages are the monitoring learning which will carry out during the session by assessing the learners’ through discussion. Question and answer and observation. The final review which can be a discussion of a formal assessment. I will recap previous sessions as according to Knox (1977) effective adult learning entails an active search for meaning in which new tasks are somehow related to earlier activities. Prior learning experiences have the potential to enhance or interfere with new learning. The recap will be in the form of a quiz, where  Reece & Walker (2006) explains how we may be using words that create barriers in learning. We must avoid using male dominated language for example words like craftsman should be changed to craft worker and manpower should be replaced with workforce and also using ‘they’ instead of ‘him/her’. Petty (2009) focuses on this along with the role of a teacher not to discriminate against race and ethnicity and the promoting the use of multiculturalism in their particular the subject area. †¢ Integrate learning by linking knowledge within and between the functional areas. †¢ Spend time planning and developing their work. †¢ Make choices, think creatively and act independently. Expert teachers generally are comfortable with a wide range of instructional strategies, and they vary them skillfully with the nature of the learning task and learners’ needs (Berliner, 1986). Tomlinson, Carol Ann. Differentiated Classroom : Responding to the Needs of All Learners. Alexandria, VA, USA: Association for Supervision & Curriculum Development, 1999. p 61. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/staffordshire/Doc?id=10115178&ppg=68 Copyright  © 1999. Association for Supervision & Curriculum Development. All rights reserved. Independent practice that allows students to extend skills or knowledge on their own â€Å"Differentiation is the process whereby teachers meet the need for progress through the curriculum by selecting appropriate teaching methods to match the individual student’s learning strategies within a group situation.† J.Visser, Differentiation and the Curriculum, University of Birmingham, 1993 Why differentiate? Every learner is an individual and has his or her own specific learning needs. Each will be influenced by previous experiences including cultural influences. Differentiation involves the art of giving each of these individuals an equal opportunity to achieve and engage in the learning process. This is why the Further Education National Training Organisation standards 1 state that teachers and trainers should:  · â€Å"select appropriate teaching techniques to accommodate the different ways individuals learnÍ ¾  · use a variety of teaching methods to meet the needs of groups and individuals, and to provide an environment in which all learners have the opportunity to experience success.† Effective adult learning entails an active search for meaning in which new tasks are somehow related to earlier activities. Prior learning experiences  have the potential to enhance or interfere with new learning. (Knox, 1977 as quoted in Brookfield, 1986). Instruction should be designed to facilitate extrapolation and or fill in the gaps (going beyond the information given). Bruner (1973) Bruner, J. (1966). Toward a Theory of Instruction. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Bruner, J. (1973). Going Beyond the Information Given. New York: Norton. (Knox, 1977 as quoted in Brookfield, 1986). Instruction should be designed to facilitate extrapolation and or fill in the gaps (going beyond the information given).

Movie Analysis Going Audience - 1181 Words

Whenever any film is released to the mainstream American movie going audience, it becomes subject to the wrath or appraise of movie critics. Audiences not set on whether or not they intend to see a particular film usually turn to these critics for their professional opinions and judge whether or not the movie will be worth the time and money. When Election hit the silver screen in 1999, it was met with critical acclaim and well-received by audiences. Since its premier, the film was gained a legacy as one of TIME’s Top 50 Films about High School and was even listed as President Obama’s favorite political film. At its release, three critics, Roger Ebert, David Butterworth, and James Berardinelli, shelled out their varying opinions on the many factors of the film, such as characterization and script. Although none had any scathing comments for the film, they did all reach different opinions regarding the overall quality and potential of the film, and Roger Ebert’s r eview, due in part to his relatability and detailed understanding, stands above the writings of Butterworth and Berardinelli. The late Roger Ebert is perhaps the most well-regarded and influential film critic of the modern age. Ebert achieved notoriety in the world of film criticism with his review of George Romero’s Night of the Living Dead. The review was picked up by Reader’s Digest, and what followed Ebert was a substantial career in film criticism, culminating in a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, successfulShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of The Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl Poster783 Words   |  4 Pages Design Analysis Essay BCM 110 In this essay I am going to analyse the movie poster for the film ‘Pirates of the Caribbean : The Curse of the Black Pearl’ . 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